Urology is a branch of medical science that examines the male and female urinary tracts and male reproductive organs. Diagnosis and treatment of all diseases related to organs such as kidneys, ureers, bladder, urethra, testicles, penis, scrotum and prostate gland fall under the specialty of urology clinics. Urologists serving in these units are physicians who have been trained in urology expertise for five years after six years of medical training. Urologists working in urology clinics, which are also one of the branches of surgical medicine, can also perform surgical interventions for diagnosis and treatment of patients if necessary.
In our urology departments, where the diagnosis and treatment of diseases related to the male reproductive system and urinary system and disorders related to anatomical or physiological reasons are carried out, our expert physician staff and experienced health personnel are employed. Diseases diagnosed by state-of-the-art methods in our hospital; medical treatments, endoscopic applications, open or laparoscopic surgical operations and robotic surgery. Kidney stone treatment with camera system (Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery-RIRIC), closed kidney stone surgery (PNL system) and ESWL application (stone crushing) are among the applications performed in our urology clinics. Treatments for kidney cancers, diseases related to the adrenal gland (Surrenal-Adrenal), urethur diseases, bladder, prostate and testicular diseases are carried out by our expert physician staff.
Our diagnostic methods applied before the determination of the treatment plan in our urology clinics are as follows.
Computed Tomography (CT)
Computed tomography is the process of combining X-ray images taken from multiple angles to create soft tissues and veins, as well as images of bones in a three-dimensional way. As the patient lies on a table, a CT device that constantly rotates around him detects the images. In order for the 3D image to be obtained to be clearer, there should be no material other than the patient’s apron on the patient who will undergo computed tomography. The materials to be found on the patient affect the rays, causing the image to deteriorate. Again, in order for the image to be clear, the patient should remain still during the procedure. Since computed tomography emits high levels of radiation, pregnant women or those with suspected pregnancy are not admitted to computed tomography. Imaging of stones in the kidney, urethra and bladder, investigation of tumors related to the urinary system and male reproductive organs and traumas related to these organs are the most preferred conditions of CT practice in urology clinics.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
The process of viewing organs or tissues in the body using radio waves and magnetic field is called MRI. Since radio waves are used instead of radiation rays in mri technique, it can be used safely in many patients. Even in pregnancies, MRI can be performed if deemed appropriate by the physician. MRI imaging can be used to detect many diseases that fall under the specialty of urology clinics. It can be preferred in the diagnosis and follow-up of all cancers related to the urinary system and male reproductive organs, especially prostate cancer and benign prostate enlargement. During the application, a healthy image cannot be obtained as the metal items on the patient will affect the magnetic field. Therefore, the patient should only go into practice with an apron or prefer underwear on which there is no metal material.
Ultrasound (Urinary USG, Doppler USG, Transctal USG)
Ultrasound is an imaging technique used to examine and view the organs inside the body, especially within the abdominal cavity. Ultrasound technique is used in the diagnosis of various diseases, in the treatment of these diseases and in biopsy procedures. No body harm of ultrasound has been detected and is widely used to monitor infant development during pregnancy. It is also used for the examination of soft tissue and the detection of cardiovascular diseases. Doppler USG methods are frequently used in urology clinics to investigate diseases such as prostate gland cancer and benign prostatic enlargement, Crancer USG (TRUS), Urinary USG and veins in tumors and similar structures detected in these regions for the investigation of all kinds of diseases related to the urinary system.
Urodynamics Test
The urodynamic test, which is used to measure bladder functions, is carried out in the form of computer recording of events that occur during excretion in the bladder filled with liquid with the help of the probe. The recorded data are examined by specialist physicians and interpreted for the detection of bladder diseases. Computer-recorded events can also inform the specialist in terms of urinary tract infection. Urodynamics can be applied to diagnose complications that may occur after treatment in urinary incontinence diseases and prostate diseases. Urodynamics test is frequently used in patients with problems such as frequent urination, incontinence and difficulty urinating.
Voiding Systouretography (VSUG)
The medical technique, which allows the bladder and urinary tract to be displayed during excretion by giving contrast agent to the bladder through the probe, is called voiding systouretography method. It is usually used in cases where urine escapes backwards through the urinary tract. If urine escapes back through the canals, if not treated in a timely manner, it can begin to affect the kidneys, paving the way for the formation of serious diseases. This condition, whose medical name is vesicoureteral reflux, also leads to the dilation of the kidneys. When applying VSUG method for the diagnosis of the disease, the patient should not have metal materials on him or her as it will affect the X-rays sent to the bladder. Therefore, it should be ensured that no metal parts are included in the patient’s clothes before the procedure.
Laboratory Examinations
Blood and urine tests are also widely used for the diagnosis of diseases in urology clinics. Changes in blood and urine inform the specialist about the patient’s condition and shed light on the determination of the treatment process. Sperm analysis, investigation of tumor markers, bacteria and virus scans, research of various proteins and enzymes are just a few of the laboratory examinations commonly used in urology clinics. In addition, samples from different parts of the body can be sent to the relevant laboratories for examination in order to evaluate all other parameters that may be affected by urological diseases.
PSA Test
PSA, called Prostate Spespic Antigen, is produced in the prostate and regulates the fluidity of semen in men. PSA circulates in the blood, albeit in a small amount. If the prostate works abnormally, the amount of PSA passed into the blood is affected. In case of the presence of any disease related to the prostate gland, the level of PSA in the blood is usually increased. PSA test is the examination of the blood sample to be taken from the patient in a laboratory environment. Since the patient is full or hungry will not affect the PSA rate in the blood, blood tests can be performed in both cases. PSA testing is used in the process of investigating all kinds of prostate-related diseases.
Prostate Biopsy
Prostate biopsy is the process of taking parts from the prostate through special medical equipment. Although the PSA test provides information about prostate diseases, the most accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer can be made by evaluating the biopsy results. The part taken from the prostate is examined and evaluated under a microscope after interacting with various chemicals. According to the results obtained, the pathologist makes the diagnosis. Since the diagnosis to be made at an early stage plays an important role in the treatment of the patient, prostate biopsy should be performed immediately in all patients with prostate cancer symptoms.
If you are also complaining about any disease that falls under the specialty of urology clinics, you can contact our urology clinics if you have symptoms related to these diseases or want to undergo a routine urology examination. With detailed examinations and diagnostic tests to be carried out by specialist physicians, you can diagnose your possible diseases and start your treatment process as soon as possible and prevent more serious problems that may occur in the future.
