Microfracture method
This method is applied in cartilage injuries that are self-restricted and smaller than 3 cm2. The injured area is cleared of the cartilage remnants, then holes that have several mm of depth are drilled on the bone, with 5 distances between each of them. Through this holes, injured area of stem cells in the bone marrow is reached. This is frequently the first preferred method for low degree cartilage injuries.
Mosaicplasty
Cylindrical pieces composed of cartilage and bone with a diameter of 6-8 mm and length of 15 mm are obtained from non-weight bearing area of the joint, and these are transplanted to the injured weight-bearing area. It can be performed either arthroscopically or with open surgery.
